MRI PHYSICS FOUNDATIONS · LESSON 06

T1 recovery and T2 decay.

Separate two relaxation processes that happen at the same time after RF excitation.

About 9 minutesSide by side learning3 knowledge checks
T1RECOVERY
T2DECAY
01EXPLAIN

WHEN RF STOPS

Relaxation begins immediately.

After the RF pulse ends, the excited spin system moves back toward equilibrium. Two different processes occur at the same time: longitudinal magnetization recovers and transverse magnetization decays.

T1

Longitudinal recovery

Mz grows back toward its equilibrium value along B0.

RECOVERS ↑
T2

Transverse decay

Mxy becomes smaller as phase coherence is lost in the transverse plane.

DECAYS ↓
IN PLAIN LANGUAGET1 describes recovery along the main field. T2 describes loss of coordinated transverse magnetization.
02VISUALIZE

READ THE CURVES

One curve rises while the other falls.

T1 RECOVERY⌞╭────

After one T1 time, about 63% of longitudinal magnetization has recovered.

T2 DECAY────╮⌟

After one T2 time, about 37% of transverse magnetization remains.

T1 and T2 are time constants, not the moment when a process is fully complete. Different tissues have different relaxation times.

03CONNECT

T2 AND T2 STAR

The observed FID fades faster than pure T2 alone.

True T2 decay reflects microscopic interactions that cause irreversible loss of phase coherence. T2 star also includes additional dephasing from magnetic field variations and susceptibility differences. Therefore, T2 star is shorter than or equal to T2.

FASTEST OBSERVED DECAYT2* ≤ T2 ≤ T1

This common relationship applies to ordinary biological tissues under typical MRI conditions.

WHY THIS MATTERS

Pulse sequences sample recovering and decaying magnetization at selected times. That timing allows tissue relaxation differences to contribute to image contrast.

04REMEMBER

THE STANDING AND CLAPPING ANALOGY

Two changes happen together.

Imagine a crowd that was tipped sideways while clapping together. After the push ends, people begin standing upright again while their clapping gradually falls out of sync. Standing upright represents T1 recovery. Losing the shared rhythm represents T2 decay.

Remember: T1 stands back up. T2 falls out of step.

05APPLY

CHECK YOUR UNDERSTANDING

Keep recovery and decay separate.

What does T1 describe?

It describes longitudinal recovery toward equilibrium along B0.

What does T2 describe?

It describes the decay of transverse magnetization caused by loss of phase coherence from microscopic interactions.

Why is T2 star shorter than or equal to T2?

T2 star includes both true T2 effects and additional dephasing from magnetic field variations and susceptibility.

LESSON 06 COMPLETE

You understand T1 recovery and T2 decay.

Educational references

This lesson introduces relaxation using simplified models. Later lessons connect T1, T2, and T2 star to sequence timing and image weighting.